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1. ** Dab tsi yog cov ntaub ntawv nyoos rau niaj hnub papermaking? **
Teb: Cov ntaub ntawv raw rau niaj hnub papermaking muaj xws li nroj tshuag (piv txwv li cov pob zeb, cov pob zeb hluav taws xob), thiab cov roj av high-molecular tau los ntawm roj av tawg. Tam sim no, sau ntawv, luam ntawv, thiab ntim ntaub ntawv ntim khoom tseem siv cov nroj tsuag ua cov khoom siv thawj.
2. ** Dab tsi ntawm cov khoom siv cov khoom siv raw yog siv hauv papermaking? **
Teb: Cog cov khoom siv raw hauv lub papermaking kev lag luam tuaj yeem faib ua ob pawg tseem ceeb:
- ** Wood Fiber Raw Khoom **: Faib ncaj qha tawm los ntawm cov ntoo.
- ** Cov ntaub ntawv tsis muaj roj rau **: Cov no suav nrog cov nyom fibers, phloem fibers, thiab noob plaub hau fibers.
3. ** Dab tsi yog cov khoom siv thiab cov haujlwm ntawm cov khoom siv uas nquag siv hauv cov ntawv ntau lawm? **
Teb: cov ntaub ntawv tso cai saib xyuas cov ntaub ntawv ntxiv rau cov ntawv sib xyaw ua ke rau hauv daim ntawv kom tau raws li cov kev xav tau tshwj xeeb. Cov no suav nrog cov fillers, sizing cov neeg sawv cev, cov xim, thiab lwm yam tshuaj ntxiv.
- ** FILLLERS **: Txhim Kho Ntawv Smoothness Thiab Opacity.
- ** Sizing cov neeg sawv cev **: Muab cov dej tsis kam rau ntawv.
- ** COLORANANS **: Nce ntawv whiteness lossis impart xim.
- ** LWM YAM KEV TXHAJ NIAM QAUV QIB **: Hloov cov ntawv cov khoom rau cov ntawv thov tshwj xeeb.
4. ** Dab tsi yog qhov ua haujlwm ntawm cov neeg sawv cev? **
Teb: Ntawv ua los ntawm cov nroj tsuag fibers absbs absombs dej los yog kua vim capillary pores nyob rau hauv cov fibroxyl hauv cellulose thiab hydichlulose. Sizing cov neeg sawv cev, uas yog cov tshuaj pleev xim rau lossis ua yeeb yaj kiab ua yeeb yam nrog cov kua tiv thaiv, ntxiv rau tiv thaiv kev nkag mus thiab diffusion. Tus txheej txheem no raug xa mus rau raws li "sizing" hauv kev lag luam papermaking.
5. ** Cov hau kev ntawm kev thov cov sizing cov neeg sawv cev? **
Teb: Raws li lawv cov kev cuam tshuam, cov kev ua kom yooj yim tuaj yeem faib ua sab hauv sizing thiab nto sizing.
- ** ** SIFTING SIZING **: muaj feem cuam ntxiv rau cov neeg sawv cev rau lub plawv hniav kom tsim cov ntawv hydrophobic thiab ntawv. Feem ntau siv cov sizing cov neeg sawv cev suav nrog Rosin sizing cov neeg sawv cev thiab hluavtaws sizing cov neeg sawv cev.
- ** Qaum SI SILIFT **) Siv ib txheej sizing nyias nyias Feem ntau siv cov sizing cov neeg muaj xws li cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab, cov tsiaj kua nplaum, thiab hluavtaws sizing cov neeg sawv cev. Nto sizing feem ntau siv rau daim ntawv sau, sau ntawv, thiab ntim daim ntawv nrog hydrophobic yuav tsum tau.
6. ** Dab tsi yog qhov cuam tshuam ntawm nto sizing ntawm luam ntawv daim ntawv ...
Teb:
① Txhawb dej tsis kam thiab nto lub zog, txo cov roj ntsha thaum lub sijhawm luam ntawv.
② Txhim kho cov tshuab luam tawm; Cov nplaum tsis txaus yuav ua rau cov ntawv luam tawm dull prints, thaum cov nplaum ua kom qhuav rau ziab khaub ncaws kom qhuav thiab ua rau cov smudging.
③ Ua ntej muaj kev cuam tshuam los ntawm kev txo cov kua mem kua mis thiab txhim kho sab nrauv cov khoom sib txawv.
④ Txhawb cov ntawv muaj zog, xws li tawg nrawm, khaws cov kev ua kom ntev, thiab lub zog tensile.
Recuces txo ob-seem sib txawv thiab daim ntawv deformation.
7. ** Dab tsi yog txoj haujlwm ntawm cov tub rog? **
Teb: Fitres tau ntxiv rau cov ntawv tso tawm nrog cov khoom tshwj xeeb xws li whiteness, opacity, thiab smorness. Lawv kuj txo cov voids hauv daim ntawv, txhim kho number case nqus thiab kev sib dhos. Insoluble lossis me ntsis soluble minerals feem ntau yog tsim los yog 10% rau 25% ntawm cov ntawv luam ntawv, nyob ntawm seb hom ntawv luam ntawv, nyob ntawm hom ntawv.
8. ** Dab tsi cov yam ntxwv yuav tsum ua cov ntawv sau rau luam ntawv ntawv muaj? **
Teb: Cov Ntawv Sau Cov Ntawv Sau Cov Ntawv Sau Yuav Tsum Ua Kom Muaj Kev Kho Kom Zoo Zoo, Cov Dej Ua Si Siab, qis density, thiab tshuaj lom neeg tsawg. Ib qho ntxiv, lawv yuav tsum muaj ntau yam thiab raug nqi.
9. ** Dab tsi yog cov ua npuas ua ke siv hauv cov luam ntawv? **
Teb: Cov tub lim dej sib txawv xws li talc, av nplaum, titanium dioxide, thiab calcium carbonate. Titanium Dioxide yog cov khoom kim, cov tub lim high-zoo. Cov khoom siv hluav taws xob organic muaj cov tshuaj uas muaj molecular high-molecular.
10. ** Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev luam ntawv cov ntawv? **
Teb: Ntxiv fillers rau luam ntawv txhim kho tshuab luam ntawv los ntawm kev nce whiteness, du, opacity, thiab txhav. Nws txhim kho Ink Affinity, mosnyog, thiab kev ruaj khov, yog kho cov khoom luam ntawv zoo. Txawm li cas los xij, kev muab ua haujlwm ntau dhau ntxiv txo cov ntawv zog thiab cov hmoov ua kom zoo, ua rau hmoov av, thiab phaj clogging thaum lub tshuab luam ntawv. Precipitated calcium carbonate (PCC) minimizes phaj hnav.
11. ** Dab tsi yog cov ntawv opacity? **
Teb: opacity hais txog cov cuab yeej ntawm daim ntawv uas txwv tsis pub muaj lub teeb kis. Nws nyob ntawm daim ntawv lub teeb scattering muaj peev xwm, tus naj npawb ntawm tawg kev cuam tshuam hauv daim ntawv, thiab cov kev ntsuas hluav taws xob tshiab ntawm cov kev sib cuam tshuam no. Ntau qhov kev sib txuam tawg ua ke thiab ntau dua kev ua kom muaj kev sib txawv ua rau lub teeb thiab opacity.
12. ** Ua li cas thiaj cuam tshuam rau cov ntawv opacity? **
Teb: ntawv tsis muaj cov fillers muaj cov fibers thiab huab cua. Huab cua muaj nyob rau hauv fiber ntau pores, ua rau lub teeb tawg ntawm cov cua sov-huab cua sib cuam tshuam thiab ua kom muaj opacity tsawg. Ntxiv cov fitres nrog siab dua cov cellulose nce tawg tawg kev sib cuam tshuam, suav nrog cov pa roj carbon monoxide, ua kom cov tub lim-fiber ntau. Qhov ntsuas loj tshaj plaws ua qhov sib txawv tshwm sim ntawm cov tub lim-cua cuam tshuam, nce opacity.
13. ** Yuav ua li cas ua cov tub fillers txhim kho daim ntawv saum npoo smoothness? **
Teb: Fiber interweaving cov ntaub ntawv ntxeem tau, thaj chaw tsis ncaj. Ntxiv cov tub lim dej zoo kom ua rau cov ntawv mos mos muag thiab cov yas, ua kom muaj kev kho siab zoo dua thiab txhim kho tom qab lub ntsej muag.
14. ** Tus neeg ua tub lim puas tsuaj cuam tshuam li cas lub zog? **
Teb: Fiber sib donding underpins ntawv lub zog. Muab kev sib ntxiv ntxiv txo cov fiber ntau tsev, folding, thiab bursting lub zog thaum txo me ntsis kua muag tiv thaiv. Muaj qhov txwv tsis pub muaj kev pab lim.
15. ** Carter cuam tshuam cuam tshuam li cas sau cov tuab? **
Teb: Ntawv Fiber ntau yog kwv yees li 1 g / cm³, thaum muab cov chaw ntim ntom ntom nti los ntawm 2.5 rau 3.0 g / cm³. Muab kev sib ntxiv ntxiv txo qis tuab. Txawm li cas los xij, me me ntawm tus muab tub lim rau ntau cov tuab tuab, tshwj xeeb yog pom hauv daim ntawv luv-fiber.
16. ** Cov tub lim rau cas cuam tshuam rau daim ntawv txhav txhav? **
Teb: daim ntawv txhav txhav yog nyob ntawm tuab thiab elastic modulus. Tus muab tub lim rau tub lim rau ntawm cov tuab thiab lub zog tensile yuav tsum yog kev nkag siab. Tsawg tus menyuam ntawm cov tub lim muaj tsawg kawg nkaus uas muaj tsawg kawg nkaus rau txhav, thaum cov nyiaj loj dua kom txo qis.
17. ** Lub luag haujlwm ntawm pigments hauv ntawv? **
Teb: Txawm tias Bleched purp fibers tshwm me ntsis daj lossis greyish dawb vim yog lub teeb liab thiab xiav lub teeb (wavelengths 400-500 nm). Cov ntsiab lus Lignin siab dua nyob rau hauv xim tsaus nti. Yuav kom ua tiav siab dua whiteness, xiav-liabple lossis liab-xiav dyes feem ntau ntxiv rau cov tshuaj dawb. Dyeing yog qhov tseem ceeb rau cov ntawv xim ntau lawm.
18. ** Dab tsi yog cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke? **
Teb: Colorants suav nrog cov pigments thiab dyes siv rau daim ntawv dying thiab xim. Feem ntau cov pigments yog insoluble inorganic tshuaj, thaum feem ntau cov neeg tuag yog dej-soluble lossis dhau los ua soluble kev kho mob. Synthetic Dyes tau hloov lub ntuj dyes.
19. ** Lwm yam tshuaj ntxiv hauv cov ntawv tso cov ntaub ntawv thiab lawv cov haujlwm? **
Cov lus teb: Ntau yam tsis muaj kev sib ntxiv yog kev sib xyaw ua ke rau hauv cov hlab ntsha lossis ntawv kom tau raws li cov ntawv thov tshwj xeeb. Cov no suav nrog:
① ** ntub dej cov tswv tsev sawv cev **: Txhim kho ntub lub zog (piv txwv li, urea-formaldehyde cob, phenolic cob qhia).
** Ua kom qhuav cov neeg sawv cev **: txhim kho lub zog qhuav (piv txwv li, cationic hmoov txhuv nplej siab, polyacrylamide).
③ ** Kev khaws cov kev khaws cia **: Txo cov chaw lim thiab siv fiber ntau thaum lub sijhawm papermaking (piv txwv li, polyullinyl oxide).
④ ** Defoamers **: Tshem tawm npuas dej thaum lub sijhawm papermaking (piv txwv li roj silicone, turpentine).
⑤ ** Cov tshuaj tua dej **: Muab cov dej tsis kam (piv txwv li, paraffin, glyoxal).
20. ** Yuav ua li cas thiaj li yuav ntawv tsuas yog cais? **
Cov lus teb: ntawv feem ntau yog cais los ntawm kev thov rau hauv ntawv kev lis kev cai, cov ntawv ntawv muaj tsev, thiab ntawv tshwj xeeb. Daim ntawv kab lis kev cai suav nrog daim ntawv cim tsis muaj ntaub ntawv (piv txwv li, ntawv xov xwm, offect ntawv) thiab coated ntawv, daim ntawv txheej txheem).
